Volume ii agricultural extension and consulting methodology. Meaning of extension education features of extension education importance of extension education principles of extension education. In some agricultural science departments, ffa is the most important part of their program. It is only recently that development efforts have targeted this group. When an audience member made this statement following one of my public presentations, he was right. Proper citation is requested forum for agricultural research in africa. The basic philosophy of agricultural extension was established in the more highly developed countries over the past century. In the absence of such published material and organized training programs on the subject, this. Meaning of extension education features of extension education importance of extension education principles of extension education basic philosophy of. My philosophy of agricultural education professional portfolio. The interplay of ngos, the private sector, farmers, and their organizations in extension has led over time to a new, pluralistic extension system in mozambique. Rb channelrole of extension in rural development aug. It has no executive function for the department, and acts instead as a place where extension partners can share information, ideas and resources, and develop ideas for collaboration and.
Doctor of philosophy in agricultural science with a concentration in agricultural and extension education admission criteria master of science degree to obtain admission to the masters program, the applicant must meet all the general requirements of the office of. Extension is seen as a public enterprise and is guided by the overall development paradigm, which is still topdown in nature. Overview of extension philosophies and methods pdf 422kb. A reference manual for extension agents was compiled as one of the need based activities identified and agreed upon in the pdm of asap. In agricultural extension, there are also certain principles on which the subject matter is based on. Read this article to learn about extension education. The program of study developed by the candidate builds on the previous undergraduate and graduate courses completed by the candidate. Dimensions of agriculture extension pdf book agrimoon. There are several extension methods in use today geared at achieving this goal. Philosophy of a particular discipline would furnish the principles or guidelines with which to shape or mould the programmes or activities relating to that discipline. Agriculture extension books pdf, lecture notes, sample. The relationship between philosophy and technology in the.
Agricultural extension constantly neglects the issues and. An analysis of the philosophy of international agricultural. Part of theagricultural education commons, philosophy commons, and thesocial and philosophical foundations of education. Extension and advisory concepts and their philosophy october 2014 in book. Philosophy of agricultural education agricultural teachers strive to be the best at everything. Philosophy of adult education and the implication for. This document seeks to identify relevant extension methods in. A survey of agricultural extension programmes indicated that agricultural extension generally was part of the ministry of agriculture, with field extension officers at the bottom of the hierarchy and a minister at the top fao, 1971. Agricultural extension work is based on the idea that each individual is unique and important. Like my work in the blackland prairies and post oak savannah, my taes faculty position located at the texas agricultural research and extension center in uvalde, tx also had regional borders within the edwards plateau and south texas plains ecoregions.
Agricultural extension is the application of scientific research and knowledge to agricultural practices through farmer education. Other extension philosophies are based on adult education. Extension is an integral part of technology transfer or teaching in agriculture, animal husbandry, rural development, social works, etc. History and philosophy of agricultural and extension education.
Because that practice is ubiquitous in and across human societies, its social and individual manifestations so varied, and its influence so profound. Philosophy of education stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. Agricultural extension service has to be competent in agricultural skills, to communicate efficiently with producers and stimulate them to acquire new knowledge. Agricultural extension service and technology adoption for food and nutrition security. Chapter 1 the history, development, and future of agricultural extension.
Planning is done on a national basis by the central. Nonformal volunteerled group experience ages 518 experiential. Extension philosophies food and agriculture organization. The thana agricultural extension coordination committee taecc has been established to assist in implementing the new agricultural extension policy. To discuss basic philosophy, objectives and principles of agricultural extension. The paper further reiterated the need for sound methods, resources and approaches which the extension agent. The paper highlights the relationhip between adult education and extension using the philosophy as a fulcrum between both. A reference manual table of contents edited by burton e. Mission statement the mission of the journal of agricultural extension is to publish conceptual papers and empirical research that tests, extends, or builds agricultural extension theory and contributes to the practice of extension worldwide. Nov 23, 2011 agricultural extension is based on the philosophy that rural people are intelligent, capable and desirous of acquiring new information and making use of it for their family and community improvement. History of agricultural extension in the world and in africa. Agricultural extension is the term used to describe the process by which rural people are persuaded to adopt improved farming methods to improve crop and livestock productivity. Agricultural philosophy or philosophy of agriculture is, roughly and approximately, a discipline devoted to the systematic critique of the philosophical frameworks or ethical world views that are the foundation for decisions regarding agriculture.
Philosophy of education is the branch of applied or practical philosophy concerned with the nature and aims of education and the philosophical problems arising from educational theory and practice. Sofranko figure prepared under the guidance of the extension, education and communication service research, extension and training division sustainable development department. A spinoff of this was the agricultural knowledge and information systems approach figure. This chapter outlines the main extension methods which can be used and contains some guidance on how to choose appropriate methods for different target groups. To stimulate students interest and understanding about the concept and practice of extension and the need for extension in agricultural development 2. Agricultural education and extension curriculum innovation. Agricultural extension is the term used to describe the process by which rural people are persuaded. Principles, philosophy processes and objectives of extension. Agricultural extension is the application of scientific research and new knowledge to agricultural practices through farmer education. Philosophy of extension philosophy is the pursuit of wisdom, a body of general principles or laws of a field of knowledge.
This is why adult education is a prerequisite for agricultural extension. Extension education agricultural extension in the field of agriculture is concerned with agricultural education aimed at assisting people to bring about continuous improvement in their physical and social well being through individual and cooperative. It has been said that policy is the expression or operationalization of philosophy and policy creates history yet is influenced by history. Many of these views are also used to guide decisions dealing with land use in general. Agricultural extension constantly neglects the issues and concerns of resourcepoor farmers ashby et al. Pdf extension and advisory concepts and their philosophy. Its our duty to provide everything from classroom instruction to outside activities such as the ffa. The program of study is designed to foster independent and creative thinking about agricultural education by the candidate. A general weakness of topdown development is provision of services by the state, bypassing resourcepoor people and their organisations. For more information on this and other topics visit the university of maryland extension website at. Pdf aim the purpose of this section is to discuss the meaning of agricultural extension and advisory concepts in different countries and to reveal the. New entrants to extension, such as nongovernmental organisations ngos, are credited with this world. The field of extension now encompasses a wider range of communication and learning activities organized for rural people by educators from different disciplines, including agriculture, agricultural marketing, health, and business studies.
Buy agriculture extension textbooks, lecture notes, sample papers online at kopykitab. To introduce students to extension communication strategies to enable them. The public sector concentrates on strengthening and gradually. Get the latest books from publishers such as asia tech publications, teri press, phi learning at best price. Adult education and agricultural extension play complementary roles.
Jones is senior lecturer, agricultural extension and rural development department, and chris garforth is senior lecturer and head of the agricultural extension and rural development department, both at the university of reading, united kingdom. In natts philosophy on the ffa, it states, most all ffa activities and contests should be the outgrowth of agricultural education classroomlaboratory instruction and supervised agricultural experience sae programs nattress, 4. Candidate, agricultural and resource economics university of california, davis as an agricultural economist with roots in a small farming community in iowa, i realize the importance of. Principles of agricultural extension arid agriculture. This led to a variety of rural services and institutions, including agricultural. Part of theagricultural education commons,philosophy commons, and thesocial and philosophical foundations of education. It fails to adjust messages for each different locality.
Aee 401 communication skills in agricultural extension 321 aee 501 extension program development 321 aee 502 agricultural extension methods 431 aee 503 history and philosophy of agricultural extension education 440 aee 504 computer application in agricultural extension 312. The philosophy of extension work is based on the importance of an individual in the promotion of progress for rural people and for the nation. To discuss history of agricultural extension in the world and. Agricultural extension is based on the philosophy that rural people are intelligent, capable and desirous of acquiring new information and making use of it for their family and community improvement. History and philosophy of agricultural extension the meaning of the. If an outsider can read your philosophy and understand the end goals and direction of your program, the length is of secondary importance. The nexus of climate change, food security, and community resilience. The convergence of these factors determines the future direction of agriculture and extension education. Meaning and objectives of agricultural extension, role of extension workers, history and organization of extension services in nigeria, selected extension methods and techniques, the extension process, meaning of rural sociology, rural leadership pattern and community organization.
Agricultural extension, with registration number pgphd1158326, has satisfactorily completed the requirements for course and research work for the degree of doctor of philosophy phd in agricultural extension agricultural communication and innovation. Agricultural extension activity is important agrarianpolitical instrument of the state which stimulates the development of agricultural production. Mission and philosophy of 4h and youth programs helping young people become selfdirected, productive, and contributing members of a diverse society. The graduate committee, research adviser, and the ph. The journal of agricultural education and extension. These principles guide the agricultural extension officer and service provider to work in an organized way to ensure smooth flow of agricultural extension service at. Newly formed nations, the rural population of which formerly maintained a subsistence agriculture with limited industry, found it essential to establish a betterbalanced economy. The purpose is to help farmers increase their production. An analysis of the philosophy of international agricultural and extension education. There are also a number of studies that investigate adoption decisions of various agricultural technologies see, e. Generally, agricultural extension can be defined as the delivery of information inputs to farmers. The second example is a short philosophy, which states the purpose and aim of the agriculture program in broad terms. Missouri career and technical education there five principals that form the vision of cte.